Puppeteer: Missing target on swap

A target-swap event refers to a session without an associated target.

Error message

Missing target on swap

How this error happens

Page activation swapped in a session without its associated primary target. This is an internal target-activation invariant.

The snippets use an open Chrome/CDP page named page. Run the sequences separately.

await Promise.all([
    page.goto("about:blank?next"),
    page.close(),
]);

How to fix

Do not tear down the page while navigation or activation is still in progress. Let navigation finish before cleanup.

await page.goto(
    "about:blank?next"
);

const title = await page.title();

console.log(title);

await page.close();

Things to keep in mind

This race illustrates competing page lifecycles; a normal navigation does not reliably force a target swap or this exact invariant. If the error persists without cleanup races, reproduce the activation path and isolate plugins or custom auto-attach handling.

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